Sea Monsters: A Prehistoric Adventure is based on the National Geographic CGI documentary of the same name, where earth's underwater world from millions of years ago is portrayed as a dangerous environment with different kinds of predators keeping the ecosystem intact. Players take command of six different prehistoric marine reptiles, each with their own skills and weaknesses.
The gameplay focuses on exploration, hunting prey, avoiding or defeating foes, unlocking hidden challenges, and finding a way to escape the dangerous waters. The creatures are controlled through the stylus to move them around, dodge attacks by tapping or swinging the controller, and go into combat mode to lock on targets and attack.
Each creature has special abilities that can be activated by tapping the sonar icon in the bottom left corner when it becomes visible. These abilities allow them to swim stealthily, dig, break rocks, or jump. The creature's status is tracked through three parameters: health (hunger), stamina, and oxygen. Health and stamina can be replenished by eating small creatures, while oxygen requires a regular trip to the surface.
The game features various collectibles, such as green food, yellow fossils, and blue portals, which serve as a hub for the open sea. Players must navigate through different zones, some of which are unlocked by defeating monsters or completing challenges. The Wii version also includes a multiplayer mode where players can race against friends in five different challenge zones.