Almost all of humanity was wiped out as a result of a devastating war in 2013, and Earth's surface became a nuclear wasteland. The few survivors retreated to the city's subway tunnels, where human society continued to develop in predictable ways. Factions were formed, and stations and entire lines were occupied by ideologically opposed groups of people. War continued on a much smaller scale, adding to the difficulty of living under nearly impossible conditions.
Artyom was born before the apocalypse but raised in the underground. He lived with his stepfather in the Exhibition station until a soldier named Hunter arrived, warning its inhabitants about mysterious creatures known as the Dark Ones. When Artyom realized that Hunter would never return from his mission, he decided to travel through the tunnels to the central Polis station and get help there.
Metro 2033 is a first-person shooter with survival horror elements, based on the Russian book of the same name by Dmitry Glukhovsky . Most of the game takes place underground, but several times Artyom will have to venture outside into the perpetual nuclear winter. Game progression is fairly linear, though areas may be explored more thoroughly for items and ammunition. Mutants and hostile humans are the enemies of the game; Artyom can use a variety of weapons to deal with them, including AK-47, sniper rifle, automatic shotgun, and others. The player can only carry a sidearm and two primary weapons at the same time. Dynamite sticks and knives complete the set. All weapons come in different variations with scopes, silencer, and other upgrades attached. Artyom needs to equip his gas mask when traveling on the surface or through poisoned areas to survive. The filter of the gas mask wears down as it is being used and can even be damaged in melee fights, straining the filter even more. Other tools available to Artyom are a pair of night vision goggles, a flashlight, a light-meter, a lighter, his journal with a compass, and a charging device.
Other environmental hazards include seeking anomalies and strange, sometimes deadly visions. These visions play a role in the game's plot and serve as moral judgment of Artyom's behavior along with his actions during certain situations involving hostile human organizations. Depending on these choices, the game will reach one of the two available endings.