Judge Dredd is set in Mega-City One, where an unidentified perpetrator has taken hostages, including the mayor. The situation escalates to the point where 17 Judges are lost in attempts to apprehend him. A message is sent out stating that only Judge Dredd can approach the situation, hinting at a past conflict between them.
The gameplay follows an 'on rails' lightgun shooter style, with action moving through pre-rendered environments on a fixed path. Players must clear 14 levels spread over four stages of lawbreakers. The game features polygonal 3D models overlaid over the video backdrop for enemies, but also allows background objects like gun turrets and bosses to be shot at. Power-ups such as different ammunition types, medikits, extra lives, and rockets are hidden in the scenery.
Players must avoid shooting innocent citizens, as hitting too many of them results in a 'game over'. The storyline is told through live-action cutscenes between levels, providing context to the situation.