Cabela's Big Game Hunter 2010 is set in various hunting locations where you must hunt and kill as many animals as possible to earn points. The game features a variety of targets such as deer, rams, and bears. The game also includes a tracking system called the Hunter's Sense power that helps you navigate through levels and determine which part of an animal to aim for.
The gameplay involves completing challenges and hunting down animals in each level. The game grades your performance on individual kills and awards medals based on your score. You can also participate in shooting galleries to compete for high scores. However, the game does not support the Top Shot Elite lightgun peripheral, which was a feature in previous games.