Koneko Monogatari: The Adventures of Chatran is set in a world inspired by the Japanese movie Koneko Monogatari (known as The Adventures of Milo and Otis). Players control Chatran, a feline character, who must return home to his farm after getting separated from it. His goal is to reunite with his girlfriend.
The game consists of 24 side-scrolling stages, each representing two months of time. Stages alternate between day and night, with the main objective being to complete the stage without taking damage and within a given time limit. Chatran can defend himself by dropping eggs he has picked up onto enemies. He can collect items like fruit by shaking tree leaves loose, which grants him extra lives upon collecting 50 pieces of fruit. The game also features letters on certain eggs that can be combined to spell out the word "HELP", summoning Poosky, Chatran's canine companion.