The year is 2142. The player takes control of Conrad B. Hart, a man who has lost his memory. After barely escaping from hostile aliens, Conrad's bike crashes on an unknown planet. Conrad finds himself in the jungle, and from that moment on his quest for survival and his lost identity begins.
Flashback: The Quest for Identity is an action and adventure game where the player must navigate through platform structures, performing various moves such as jumping, running, climbing, and picking up objects. The gameplay also involves exploring large levels, problem-solving, and shooting enemies with a gun.
The gameplay can be divided into sections of combat and exploration. Conrad can defend himself by shooting enemies or using objects to distract them. He can also use special moves like crouching and rolling during combat. However, shields that Conrad uses are depleted when he is hit and must be recharged at special stations.
Most versions of the game feature cutscenes with polygonal vector graphics, while the CD versions have pre-rendered 3D animations. The Sega CD version also includes voice-overs.